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25 Feb 2026

Study

LLMs · Fine-tuning with LoRA

LoRA freezes the pretrained weights and learns a low-rank update BA; a LoRA layer written from scratch, then PEFT applied to GPT-2 to count how few parameters are trained.

  • LoRA learns ΔW = B·A with a small rank r, so a d×d update needs only 2·d·r trainable numbers.
  • B starts at zero, so the model is unchanged at the start of fine-tuning.

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